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Q121. What is the most common vehicle for social engineering attacks?
A. Phone
B. Email
C. In person
D. P2P Networks
Answer: A
Explanation: Pretexting is the act of creating and using an invented scenario (the pretext) to persuade a target to release information or perform an action and is usually done over the telephone.
Q122. One of the ways to map a targeted network for live hosts is by sending an ICMP ECHO request to the broadcast or the network address. The request would be broadcasted to all hosts on the targeted network. The live hosts will send an ICMP ECHO Reply to the attacker's source IP address.
You send a ping request to the broadcast address 192.168.5.255.
There are 40 computers up and running on the target network. Only 13 hosts send a reply while others do not. Why?
A. Windows machines will not generate an answer (ICMP ECHO Reply) to an ICMP ECHO request aimed at the broadcast address or at the network address.
B. Linux machines will not generate an answer (ICMP ECHO Reply) to an ICMP ECHO request aimed at the broadcast address or at the network address.
C. You should send a ping request with this command ping ? 192.168.5.0-255
D. You cannot ping a broadcast address. The above scenario is wrong.
Answer: A
Q123. The United Kingdom (UK) he passed a law that makes hacking into an unauthorized network a felony.
The law states:
Section1 of the Act refers to unauthorized access to computer material. This states that a person commits an offence if he causes a computer to perform any function with intent to secure unauthorized access to any program or data held in any computer. For a successful conviction under this part of the Act, the prosecution must prove that the access secured is unauthorized and that the suspect knew that this was the case. This section is designed to deal with common-or-graden hacking.
Section 2 of the deals with unauthorized access with intent to commit or facilitate the commission of further offences. An offence is committed under Section 2 if a Section 1 offence has been committed and there is the intention of committing or facilitating a further offense (any offence which attacks a custodial sentence of more than five years, not necessarily one covered but the Act). Even if it is not possible to prove the intent to commit the further offence, the Section 1 offence is still committed.
Section 3 Offences cover unauthorized modification of computer material, which generally means the creation and distribution of viruses. For conviction to succeed there must have been the intent to cause the modifications and knowledge that the modification had not been authorized
What is the law called?
A. Computer Misuse Act 1990
B. Computer incident Act 2000
C. Cyber Crime Law Act 2003
D. Cyber Space Crime Act 1995
Answer: A
Explanation: Computer Misuse Act (1990) creates three criminal offences:
Q124. An attacker has been successfully modifying the purchase price of items purchased at a web site. The security administrators verify the web server and Oracle database have not been compromised directly. They have also verified the IDS logs and found no attacks that could have caused this. What is the mostly likely way the attacker has been able to modify the price?
A. By using SQL injection
B. By using cross site scripting
C. By changing hidden form values in a local copy of the web page
D. There is no way the attacker could do this without directly compromising either the web server or the database
Answer: C
Explanation: Changing hidden form values is possible when a web site is poorly built and is trusting the visitors computer to submit vital data, like the price of a product, to the database.
Q125. You ping a target IP to check if the host is up. You do not get a response. You suspect ICMP is blocked at the firewall. Next you use hping2 tool to ping the target host and you get a response. Why does the host respond to hping2 and not ping packet?
[ceh]# ping 10.2.3.4
PING 10.2.3.4 (10.2.3.4) from 10.2.3.80 : 56(84) bytes of data.
--- 10.2.3.4 ping statistics ---
3 packets transmitted, 0 packets received, 100% packet loss
[ceh]# ./hping2 -c 4 -n -i 2 10.2.3.4
HPING 10.2.3.4 (eth0 10.2.3.4): NO FLAGS are set, 40 headers +
0 data bytes
len=46 ip=10.2.3.4 flags=RA seq=0 ttl=128 id=54167 win=0 rtt=0.8 ms
len=46 ip=10.2.3.4 flags=RA seq=1 ttl=128 id=54935 win=0 rtt=0.7 ms
len=46 ip=10.2.3.4 flags=RA seq=2 ttl=128 id=55447 win=0 rtt=0.7 ms
len=46 ip=10.2.3.4 flags=RA seq=3 ttl=128 id=55959 win=0 rtt=0.7 ms
--- 10.2.3.4 hping statistic ---
4 packets tramitted, 4 packets received, 0% packet loss
round-trip min/avg/max = 0.7/0.8/0.8 ms
A. ping packets cannot bypass firewalls
B. you must use ping 10.2.3.4 switch
C. hping2 uses TCP instead of ICMP by default
D. hping2 uses stealth TCP packets to connect
Answer: C
Explanation: Default protocol is TCP, by default hping2 will send tcp headers to target host's port 0 with a winsize of 64 without any tcp flag on. Often this is the best way to do an 'hide ping', useful when target is behind a firewall that drop ICMP. Moreover a tcp null-flag to port 0 has a good probability of not being logged.
Q126. Theresa is the chief information security officer for her company, a large shipping company based out of New York City. In the past, Theresa and her IT employees manually checked the status of client computers on the network to see if they had the most recent Microsoft updates. Now that the company has added over 100 more clients to accommodate new departments, Theresa must find some kind of tool to see whether the clients are up-to-date or not. Theresa decides to use Qfecheck to monitor all client computers. When Theresa runs the tool, she is repeatedly told that the software does not have the proper permissions to scan. Theresa is worried that the operating system hardening that she performs on all clients is keeping the software from scanning the necessary registry keys on the client computers.
What registry key permission should Theresa check to ensure that Qfecheck runs properly?
A. In order for Qfecheck to run properly, it must have enough permission to read
B. She needs to check the permissions of the HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINESOFTWAREMicrosoftUpdates registry key
C. Theresa needs to look over the permissions of the registry key
D. The registry key HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINESYSTEMCurrentControlSetServicesMicrosoft must be checked
Answer: B
Explanation: Qfecheck check the registry HKLMSoftwareMicrosoftUpdates
Q127. An SNMP scanner is a program that sends SNMP requests to multiple IP addresses, trying different community strings and waiting for a reply. Unfortunately SNMP servers don't respond to requests with invalid community strings and the underlying protocol does not reliably report closed ports. This means that 'no response' from the probed IP address can mean which of the following:
(Select up to 3)
A. Invalid community string
B. S-AUTH protocol is running on the SNMP server
C. Machine unreachable
D. SNMP server not running
Answer: ACD
Explanation: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Simple_Network_Management_Protocol
Q128. You have initiated an active operating system fingerprinting attempt with nmap against a target system:
[root@ceh NG]# /usr/local/bin/nmap -sT -O 10.0.0.1
Starting nmap 3.28 ( www.insecure.org/nmap/) at 2003-06-18 19:14 IDT Interesting ports on 10.0.0.1: (The 1628 ports scanned but not shown below are in state: closed) Port State Service 21/tcp filtered ftp 22/tcp filtered ssh 25/tcp open smtp 80/tcp open http 135/tcp open loc-srv 139/tcp open netbios-ssn 389/tcp open LDAP 443/tcp open https 465/tcp open smtps 1029/tcp open ms-lsa 1433/tcp open ms-sql-s 2301/tcp open compaqdiag 5555/tcp open freeciv
5800/tcp open vnc-http
5900/tcp open vnc
6000/tcp filtered X11
Remote operating system guess: Windows XP, Windows 2000, NT4 or 95/98/98SE Nmap run completed -- 1 IP address (1 host up) scanned in 3.334 seconds
Using its fingerprinting tests nmap is unable to distinguish between different groups of Microsoft based operating systems - Windows XP, Windows 2000, NT4 or 95/98/98SE.
What operating system is the target host running based on the open ports shown above?
A. Windows XP
B. Windows 98 SE
C. Windows NT4 Server
D. Windows 2000 Server
Answer: D
Explanation: The system is reachable as an active directory domain controller (port 389, LDAP)
Q129. What are the six types of social engineering?(Choose six).
A. Spoofing
B. Reciprocation
C. Social Validation
D. Commitment
E. Friendship
F. Scarcity
G. Authority
H. Accountability
Answer: BCDEFG
Explanation: All social engineering is performed by taking advantage of human nature. For in-depth information on the subject review, read Robert Cialdini's book, Influence: Science and Practice.
Q130. Jane has just accessed her preferred e-commerce web site and she has seen an item she would like to buy. Jane considers the price a bit too steep; she looks at the page source code and decides to save the page locally to modify some of the page variables. In the context of web application security, what do you think Jane has changed?
A. An integer variable
B. A 'hidden' price value
C. A 'hidden' form field value
D. A page cannot be changed locally; it can only be served by a web server
Answer: C
Explanation: Changing hidden form values is possible when a web site is poorly built and is trusting the visitors computer to submit vital data, like the price of a product, to the database.