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Q121. CORRECT TEXT

Eric user should able to write on Document root directory.

Answer and Explanation:

Document directive is used in apache configuration file to specify the directory where all web site related documents are. According to question eric user should able to write into the Document root directory.

Better set the permission using ACL (Access Control List), to apply the permission using acl needs to mount the filesystem with acl options. Example in above answer documentroot is in /var and /var is mounting separate file system so needs to mount the /var file system with acl option.

1. vi /etc/fstab

LABEL=/var /var ext3 defaults 1 1

2. mount -o remount /var

3. setfacl -m u:eric:rwx /var/www/example

4. getfacl /var/www/example

getfacl and setfacl two commands used to maintain the permission through acl. setfacl is used to set the permission on file/directory, getfacl is used to display the permission of file/directory.


Q122. CORRECT TEXT

Make user1, user2 and user3 belongs to training group.

Answer and Explanation:

7. usermod -G training user1

8. usermod -G training user2

9. usermod -G training user3

10. Verify from : cat /etc/group

There are two types of group, I) primary group II) Secondary or supplementary group.

I) Primary Group: Primary group defines the files/directories and process owner group there can be only one primary group of one user.

II) Secondary Group is used for permission. Where permission are defined for group members, user can access by belonging to that group.

Here user1, user2 and user3 belong as supplementary to training group. So these users get the permission of group member.


Q123. CORRECT TEXT

ssh service is enabled in your Server. Configure to

- Deny the ssh from my133t.org domain.

- Allow the ssh service only from example.com domain.

Answer and Explanation:

1. vi /etc/hosts.deny

sshd:ALL EXCEPT .example.com

or

1. vi /etc/hosts.deny

sshd:ALL

2. vi /etc/hosts.allow

sshd:.example.com

We can secure the services using tcp_wrappers. There are main two files, /etc/hosts.allow and /etc/hosts.deny.

There will be three stage access checking

- Is access explicitly permitted? Means permitted from /etc/hosts.allow?

- Otherwise, Is access explicitly denied? Means denied from /etc/hosts.deny?

- Otherwise, by default permit access if neither condition matched.

To deny the services we can configure /etc/hosts.deny file using ALL and EXCEPT operation.

Pattern of /etc/hosts.allow and /etc/hosts.deny file is:

Demon_list:client_list:options

In Client list can be either domain name or IP address.


Q124. CORRECT TEXT

Add a cron schedule to take full backup of /home on every day at 5:30 pm to /dev/st0 device.

Answer and Explanation:

1. vi /var/schedule

30 17 * * * /sbin/dump -0u /dev/st0 /dev/hda7

2. crontab /var/schedule

3. service crond restart

We can add the cron schedule either by specifying the scripts path on /etc/crontab file or by creating on text file on crontab pattern.

cron helps to schedule on recurring events. Pattern of cron is:

Minute Hour Day of Month Month Day of Week Commands

0-59 0-23 1-31 1-12 0-7 where 0 and 7 means Sunday.

Note * means every. To execute the command on every two minutes */2.


Q125. CORRECT TEXT

Raw (Model) printer named printer1 is installed and shared on 192.168.0.254. You should install the shared printer on your PC to connect shared printer using IPP Protocols.

Answer and Explanation:

IPP( Internet Printing Protocol), allows administrator to manage printer through browser so CUPS is called Internet Printing Protocol based on HTTP. We can Install the printer either through:

system-confing-printer tool or through Browser.

1. Open the browser and Type on address: http://localhost:631 àCUPS (Common Unix Printing System) used the IPP protocol. CUPS use the 631 port.

2. Click on Manage Printer.

3. Click on Add Printer.

4. Type Printer name, Location, Description.

5. Select Device for bb. (Select IPP).

6. Device URL: ipp://192.168.0.254/ipp/ queue name àSame printer name of shared printer.

7. Select Model/Driver RAW printer.

8. service cups restart


Q126. CORRECT TEXT

Create one partitions having size 100MB and mount it on /data.

Answer and Explanation:

Use fdisk /dev/hda àTo create new partition.Type n àFor New partitionsIt will ask for Logical or Primary Partitions. Press l for logical.It will ask for the Starting Cylinder: Use the Default by pressing Enter Key.Type the Size: +100M àYou can Specify either Last cylinder of Size here.Press P to verify the partitions lists and remember the partitions name.Press w to write on partitions table.Either Reboot or use partprobe command.Use mkfs -t ext3 /dev/hda?

Or

mke2fs -j /dev/hda? àTo create ext3 filesystem.vi /etc/fstab

Write:

/dev/hda? /data ext3 defaults 0 0

11. Verify by mounting on current Sessions also:

mount /dev/hda? /data


Q127. CORRECT TEXT

Configure the DNS server by allowing query only from the 192.168.0.0/24 Local Network.

Answer and Explanation:

1. vi /var/named/chroot/etc/named.conf

acl localnet { 192.168.0.0/24; };

options {

allow-query { localnet; };

};

2. service named restart | start

allow-query is a global option on /var/named/chroot/etc/named.conf, specifies an address match list of hosts allowed to query this server. If this option is not set, any host can query the server.


Q128. CORRECT TEXT

Fill up the Form through http://server1.example.com/form.php

Answer and Explanation:

1. Open the Browser and type the above URL.

2. Fill the form as required all information.


Q129. CORRECT TEXT

Add a job on Cron schedule to display Hello World on every two Seconds in terminal 8.

Answer and Explanation:

1. cat >schedule

*/2 * * * * /bin/echo "Hello World" >/dev/tty8

3. crontab schedule

4. Verify using: crontab -l

5. service crond restart

Cron helps to schedule on recurring events. Pattern of Cron is:

Minute Hour Day of Month Month Day of Week Commands

0-59 0-23 1-31 1-12 0-7 where 0 and 7 means Sunday.

Note * means every. To execute the command on every two minutes */2.

To add the scheduled file on cron job: crontab filename

To List the Cron Shedule: crontab -l

To Edit the Schedule: crontab -e

To Remove the Schedule: crontab -r


Q130. CORRECT TEXT

Some users home directory is shared from your system. Using showmount -e localhost command, the shared directory is not shown. Make access the shared users home directory.

Answer and Explanation:

1. Verify the File whether Shared or not ? : cat /etc/exports

2. Start the nfs service: service nfs start

3. Start the portmap service: service portmap start

4. Make automatically start the nfs service on next reboot: chkconfig nfs on

5. Make automatically start the portmap service on next reboot: chkconfig portmap on

6. Check default firewall is running in your system

# service iptables status

#iptables -F

#service iptables stop

#chkconfig iptables off

6. Verify Either sharing or not: showmount -e localhost

You will see that some shared directory will display